PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE


Epigenetic Modifications in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes



Yi Li1, *
1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO63103, USA


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Creative Commons License
© 2022 Yi Li

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO63103, USA; Tel: +13149778675; E-mail: yi.li@health.slu.edu


Abstract

Obesity is a chronic condition that is also a risk factor of several other chronic conditions including type 2 diabetes. The effects of maternal obesity and type 2 diabetes on fetal development and offspring health are mediated through the transmission of epigenetic modifications in addition to the possible permanent changes of the organs caused by the intrauterine environment hypothesized by the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory. Epigenetic modifications can be altered by environmental factors including dietary and lifestyle factors. The current priorities include identification and confirmation of the specific epigenetic biomarkers associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in human subjects and identification of the dietary and lifestyle factors that contribute to each of the identified specific epigenetic biomarkers.

Keywords: Obesity, Diabetes, Epigenetic, Modifications, Methylation, Dietary, Factor.